At 24 h after administration, the accumulation of F127-formulated PLGA-PEG particles was at 26.2% of the injected dose, and the accumulation of P80-formulated particles was at 24.1% of the injected dose. Among all organs, the liver had the highest nanoparticle accumulation. The half-life of the F127-formulated PLGA-PEG particles was 5.9 h, which was significantly longer than the 1.7 h half-life of P80-formulated PLGA-PEG particles. We showed that 4 h post intraperitoneal injection, nanoparticles had the highest accumulation in serum, at 54.0% of the injected dose for particles with Pluronic ® F127 (F127) as the stabilizer and at 54.6% of the injected dose for particles with Poloxamer 188 (P80) as the stabilizer. We further explored the effects of surfactant used to stabilize PLGA-PEG particles on PK and biodistribution. We quantified the PK parameters and biodistribution of PLGA-PEG nanoparticles in term-equivalent healthy rats and revealed the PK and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles in neonatal rats. We used poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) nanoparticles, which are polymer nanoparticles that have been extensively studied in adult populations but less commonly applied in neonates and pediatrics. To address this data gap, we investigated the PK of polymer-based nanoparticles in term-equivalent neonatal rats. However, the use of nano-based medicines for application in pediatric populations is challenged by the lack of pharmacokinetic (PK) data in this population.
Nano-based medicines are important drug delivery systems that can improve the bioavailability of a range of therapeutics. The development of therapeutics for pediatric use has advanced in the last few decades, yet the off-label use of adult medications in pediatrics remains a significant clinical problem.
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